milis sehat, Veda
istilah spiral udah nggak begitu cocok dipake buat jaman sekarang. dulu bentuk IUD memang spiral atau lippes loop itu. tapi dengan perkembangan jaman, ditemuin juga bentuk2 lain. tapi kayaknya karena udah terlanjur keseringan make nama spiral jadinya keterusan. tapi seperti yang dr yoga bilang, yang bener adalah IUD atau AKDR. spiral itu termasuk IUD generasi pertama.
mo coba jawab pertanyaan Mbak Ira (cmiiw)….
1. Yang umum dipakai di Indonesia sekarang apakah memang spiral (=yang berbentuk spiral), atau yg bentuk T (copper-T) ?
–> saya nggak punya data yang nunjukin apakah spiral masih dipake atau nggak atau berapa banyak pengguna copper T, tapi setau saya udah jarang yang pake jenis spiral/lippes loop ini. di Indonesia masih diijinkan untuk dipake, sepanjang nggak ada keluhan. tapi kalo di US udah nggak dipake lagi
2. Selain bentuk spiral dan T, apakah bentuk lain (misalnya tipe CU-7) juga tersedia dan masih digunakan?
saya sendiri belum pernah menemukan, tapi sepertinya masih beredar. soalnya nggak begitu populer
3. Apa kriteria penentuan jenis IUD untuk seseorang di Indonesia? Bentuk dan besar rahim-kah (yg bagaimana?), ketersediaan model yg ada-kah, usia, atau apa?
yang jelas pertama kali harus dipastikan ada kontraindikasi untuk pasang IUD nggak, trus ada infeksi nggak, kalo ada infeksi, maka infeksinya harus diobati dulu. trus kalo rahimnya terlalu kecil, IUD juga nggak bisa dipasang. kalo yang hormonal, bedanya cuma mengurangi menstrual cramping dan
perdarahan alias flek2 di luar waktu mens. kalo yang alergi sama tembaga, juga nggak bisa pake yang copper T ini ada artikel yang saya dapet..
*What is an IUD?*
An Intrauterine Device (IUD) is a small object that is inserted through the cervix and placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy. A small string hangs down from the IUD into the upper part of the vagina. The IUD is not
noticeable during intercourse. IUDs can last 1-10 years. They work by changing the the the lining of the uterus and fallopian tubes affecting the movements of eggs and sperm and so that fertilization does not occur. IUDs
are 99.2-99.9% effective as birth control. They do not protect against sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS.
Use •
Cautions• Side
Effects • Future
Fertility
Advantages •
Disadvantages •
Emergency
Contraception
Your Cervix • PDF
Version
*Use *
Getting an IUD involves a clinic visit. To prevent infection, clinics require women to have check-ups prior to insertion. This can include a full medical, pelvic, and breast exam, with a Pap smear, STI check, and pregnancy test. If anything unusual is found, it is addressed before the IUD is inserted. After insertion, an IUD is effective immediately.
Insertion:
An IUD is usually inserted during a menstrual periodwhen the cervix is slightly open and pregnancy is least likely. It may be inserted at any time, however. The procedure for insertion takes about 5-15 minutes. Most women feel cramping during and after insertion. Ibuprofen can help relieve cramping.
Awareness:
You can keep track of your IUD by checking its strings. You can feel for the string by putting a finger into your vagina. Some women prefer to look at the string using a speculum http://www.fwhc.org/health/selfcare.htm>, mirror, and flashlight.
It is recommended that women check their IUD after each period. A shorter than normal string can be a warning sign of an imbedded IUD. Missing strings may mean that the IUD was expelled. If the string is missing, call the clinic and use a backup method of birth control.
If you miss a period while on an IUD, you may want to take a pregnancy test. If you have any concerns about your IUD, call the clinic. If you have any concerns about your IUD, call the clinic where you got it. The longer the IUD remains in place, the less likely it is that the uterus will reject the IUD and expel it.
Removal:
An IUD can be removed at any time and the procedure is quicker and easier than insertion. If it is removed near ovulation, a woman may become pregnant from recent intercourse before IUD removal.
*Types of IUDs*
There are two types of IUDs available: ParaGard and Mirena. The ParaGard has a tiny copper wire wrapped around the plastic body and should not be used by anyone who is allergic to copper. The Mirena releases small amounts of a synthetic progesterone hormone. The hormone was added to attempt to decrease the bleeding and cramping that some women have with the IUD.
*Your Health* back to top
Every woman is different and IUDs are not recommended for all women. Due to the risk of serious health problems, women with the following conditions should not use IUDs:
– Recent or repeated pelvic infection
– Known or suspected pregnancy
– Severe cervicitis
– Salpingitis
– Malignant lesions in the genital tract
– Unexplained vaginal bleeding
– HIV/AIDS
– History of ectopic pregnancy
– History of Toxic Shock Syndrome
– Physical inability to check IUD
IUDs are not recommended for women who are at risk for PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease), have lower immune response, abnormal pap smear, heart disease, anemia, a history of severe menstrual cramping and heavy flow, a history of ectopic pregnancy, or previous problems with an IUD.
Copper IUDs are not recommended for women with Wilson’s disease or allergies to copper.
– Women with a history of breast cancer cannot use the Mirena IUD.
– Women with diabetes should be monitored carefully if they use the Mirena IUD.
– Breastfeeding women should be aware the synthetic hormone in the Mirena IUD will be passed to the baby in her breast milk.
Health Risks:
Getting any vaginal infection while using an IUD can increase the risk of developing a serious pelvic infection. This can result in a loss of fertility. For this reason, women need to assess their own risk for infection. If you have multiple partners or if your partner has multiple partners, your chance of infection is much higher.
Piercing or perforation of the uterine wall may occur during insertion of the IUD. Over time, an IUD may become imbedded in the uterine wall. An Imbedded IUD is still effective, but it can be painful and may need to be removed. There is a risk of surgery and/or sterility if an IUD becomes imbedded.
If a woman becomes pregnant while using an IUD, it is highly recommended that she have the IUD removed, whether or not she wants to carry the pregnancy to term. An IUD increases the risk of having a miscarriage or premature birth.
A woman who becomes pregnant while using an IUD is also more likely to have an ectopic pregnancy. An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg attaches and grows outside the uterus. This can be very dangerous and requires emergency medical attention.
*Side Effects * back to
top
Both the ParaGard and the Mirena IUDs can cause longer, heavier, and more painful menstrual periods, but this is much less common with the Mirena. The increased blood flow may cause anemia. Spotting may occur without serious cause or as a sign of infection.
The Mirena IUD can cause ovarian cysts. Some women using the Mirena stop bleeding altogether. Usually their menstrual periods return when the IUD is removed. Mirena can cause weight gain, headaches, increased blood pressure, acne, depression, and decrease in sex drive.
*Future Fertility *
Women who want to become pregnant may have their IUD removed at any time. While most women who stop using IUDs are able to become pregnant, IUDs can have negative effects on a woman’s fertility. If perforation, embedding, or pelvic infection occurs, the uterus or tubes may become damaged and lower the chance of pregnancy. In cases of severe damage or infection of the
uterus, a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) may be required, resulting in permanent sterility. The synthetic hormone in the Mirena IUD can cause a delay in return of menstruation and fertility after it is removed.
*Advantages * back to top
– Allows sexual spontaneity.
– Requires no daily attention.
– Immediately effective.
– Long-lasting.
– Not messy.
*Disadvantages *
– Does not protect against sexually transmitted infections,
including HIV/AIDS.
– Insertion and removal require clinic visits.
– Can be expelled.
– Can cause more difficult menstrual periods.
– Possible risk to future fertility.
*Emergency Contraception *
You can prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse by having a copper IUD inserted. Within one week of unprotected intercourse, copper IUDs can be used as Emergency Contraception .
*Your Cervix * back to top
The cervix is the opening to the uterus where menstrual blood, babies, and sperm pass. It is the opening through which abortions are performed. IUDs are inserted through the cervix into the uterus.
4. Apabila saya ingin melanjutkan kontrasepsi dg IUD/IUCD/IUS setelah IUD-hormonal (yg saya gunakan sekarang) selesai masa kerjanya (5 tahun) apakah bisa langsung dengan IUD-hormonal lagi ?
-> bisa, tapi kita sama2 cari info lagiya mbak..
5. Apa efek sampingnya pemakaian IUD-hormonal dalam waktu yg panjang (misalnya 2 kali berturut2 = 10 tahun). Sementara ini jawabannya belum saya temukan, termasuk di website resmi IUD-hormonal yg saya gunakan. ini saya belum nemu juga mbak, ntar saya cari2 dulu, kalo nemu, saya posting
deh..;p
6. Jenis2 IUD-hormonal apa yg tersedia di Indonesia? (apa namanya/brand-nya?)
setau saya baru satu mbak..yang M**** (sama kayak yang mbak pake kan?)
kalo ini link untuk cara milih kontrasepsi
http://farmasione.com/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=25
mudah2an bisa membantu…
Stay@HomeMOmmY 
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